Multi-model ensemble CMIP6 for prediction of climate changes: evidence from Asia

Climate change comprehension depends heavily on temperature and precipitation patterns, which vary significantly across time and place. This study explores projected changes in climate variables, emphasizing variations in maximum temperatures and fluctuations in minimum temperatures. Furthermore, it analyzes modifications in precipitation patterns to offer a comprehensive perspective on climate dynamics. The dataset employed in this study is obtained from five atmosphere–ocean general circulation models (AOGCMs) participating in CMIP6. Future conditions are evaluated through an analysis of three distinct pathways, encompassing the SSP1-2.6, which characterizes a future with minimal greenhouse gas outputs; the SSP5-8.5, indicative of a trajectory marked by elevated emission levels; and the SSP2-4.5, positioned as an intermediate scenario with emission levels lying between the aforementioned extremes.The study examines the timeframe of 2015–2039, considered the near future, as well as the interval from 2040 to 2064, referred to as the mid-future, with both periods being contrasted against the reference timeframe spanning 1965–2014, specifically within the central region of the Mashhad plain. The results indicate that both future periods in the central part of the Mashhad Plain will experience an increase in temperature, with maximums of up to 2.6 °C and minimums of up to 1.8 °C. The largest increase is expected in the fall and winter, particularly for minimum temperatures. Additionally, precipitation is expected to increase slightly (0.9–1.8 mm) in the near future (2015–2039) compared to the past.