Kinematic response analysis of piled foundations under earthquake excitation

This paper presents the results of an extensive parametric study on single piles and pile groups embedded in a two-layer subsoil profile, and is aimed to evaluate kinematic bending moments developing during earthquakes. A quasi three-dimensional finite element program has been used to perform dynamic analyses in the time domain. Piles have been considered as elastic beams, while the soil has been modelled using a linear elastic constitutive model. The aims of the paper are: (i) to evaluate kinematic bending moments in single piles and pile groups with dynamic analyses in the time domain, in different subsoil conditions; (ii) to review some existing design methods; (iii) to propose a simplified analysis procedure to evaluate maximum kinematic bending moments between two subsequent soil layers. The results of the dynamic analyses have shown that some of the simplified approaches provided in published literature tend to be conservative and can predict bending moments at the soil-layer interface with adequate accuracy only within certain depths of the soil layer interface. On the basis of the obtained results, a modified criterion to evaluate the transient peak bending moments at interfaces between layers is proposed.