Didactics of Football and Periodization: Preliminary Study

Football is a situational sport, it is subject to many variables depending on the field, the opponents, the teammates and the presence of the ball. For this sport, the aspects that concern significantly training are the conditional or organic-muscular and technical-tactical ones. The study is based on the theory of periodization, which consists in dividing the training year into time intervals with clearly defined goals to be achieved in each period. The study was carried out on 2 male subjects of 22 years old, belonging to a senior football club playing in the College Championship, through the use of the Maximum Strength test, the endurance test, the Cooper test, and the psychometric and body circumferences detection which determined the assessment and performance improvements in the different periodization phases. The study focuses on the collection of data obtained following the typical scheme of a training session with the methodology of periodization. Periodization was originally proposed by Tudor Bomba and constitutes a methodological approach aimed at achieving the training objectives necessary for pre-determined agonistic levels. Periodization is governed by the principle of progressivity of load and of physiological adaptation. The exercises proposed in strength training aim at reproducing the real motor execution model of football that needs to be performed repeatedly, so as to enhance learning according to the cognitive approach with prescriptive teaching based on specific orders. The imitation of the technical skills involves the muscle chain, just like that used in the real technical performance of sports skills. So the training exercises and methods must aim at reproducing movements and conditions just like in a match, so that the same discharges in motoneurons are reproduced to express the same athletic gestures with high power and speed. The objective of the study is to assess the conditional improvements after the training period, and the evaluation of the moment of peak performance during the competitive period under evaluation.