Frontiers in neuro-rehabilitation: neural basis of cognitive contributions to movement across neurological populations

Cognitive-motor integration is essential for adaptive human behavior, involving reciprocal interactions between cognition and motor actions mediated by dynamic neural networks. The Active Predictive Coding (APC) framework highlights the bidirectional coupling of sensory inputs and motor actions, while the frontoparietal network, particularly the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), plays a pivotal role in cognitive-motor tasks under high cognitive demands. Disturbances in this process have been observed in a variety of neurological conditions, resulting in inefficient neural adaptations and in-creased cognitive load. Rehabilitation strategies that integrate dual-task training, robotic devices and virtual reality (VR) have been shown to enhance neuroplasticity and recovery. To improve outcomes, neuro-rehabilitation must shift toward an interdisciplinary, personalized model that leverages neuroscientific and technological advancements to enhance recovery and quality of life.