In recent years, fake news and other online strategies designed to generate misinformation across Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have become rife, and when it comes to targeting sexual diversity and gender equality, they are progressively garnering global social reverberation (Justice/Hooker 2017; Forgas/Baumeister 2019; Stabile et al. 2019; Bernecker et al. 2021). Regardless of the obvious, patently inflated, conspiracist rhetoric underlying such hateful discourses (see Balirano/Borba 2021), these anti-gender and anti-equality speculations tend to converge upon the slippery trope of gender ideology (Andrews et al. 2015; Beltrán/Creely 2018; Pascale 2019; Černohorská 2020; Wasser/França 2020). Indeed, it is by wielding the discursive tools pertaining to this ideology that a global movement currently opposes gender equality, abortion, sexual education, and LGBTIQ+ rights in areas such as marriage, adoption, surrogacy, and reproductive technologies (Butler 2019), thus contributing to the stigmatization of LGBTIQ+ activism (Borba 2019a, 2019b). The findings of this study reveal that one of the most damaging implications of this phenomenon is that anti-gender mobilizations are increasingly taking root and thriving within the collective memory by means of semiotic processes of loose affiliation. Against this backdrop, the present chapter explores the current discourses of anti-gay activism and their claim that sexual diversity runs counter to most mainstream, traditional or religious values. Such allegations, in turn, feed into the theory underlying the misinformation crusade enacted across most SNSs (see Balirano/Hughes 2020), whereby a secret, large-scale gay lobby, akin to the proverbial Trojan Horse, is progressively penetrating traditional family values in order to defile the entire human race through ad hoc gender recruitment. By analyzing a collection of anti-gender online texts collected from Twitter – by using seed words and phrases such as ‘LGBTIQ+ conspiracy’, ‘Homintern’, ‘Gaystapo’ and ‘Lavender mafia’ – this study offers a corpus-based sociolinguistic CDA analysis of the current state of the art of fake news addressing LGBTIQ+ online communities. References Andrews, Molly / Kinnvall, Catarina / Monroe, Kristen 2015. Narratives of (In)Security: Nationhood, Culture, Religion, and Gender: Introduction to the Special Issue. Political Psychology 36 (2): 141–149. Balirano, Giuseppe / Hughes, Bronwen (eds) 2020. Homing in on Hate: Critical Discourse Studies of Hate Speech, Discrimination and Inequality in the Digital Age. Naples: Paolo Loffredo Editore. Balirano, Giuseppe / Borba, Rodrigo (eds) 2021. Re-Defining Gender, Sexuality, and Discourse in the Global Rise of Right-Wing Extremism. Special issue of Anglistica AION: An Interdisciplinary Journal 24 (1). Beltrán, William Mauricio / Creely, Sian 2018. Pentecostals, Gender Ideology and the Peace Plebiscite: Colombia 2016. Religions 9 (12): 1–19. Bernecker, Sven / Flowerree, Amy K. / Grundmann, Thomas (eds) 2021. The Epistemology of Fake News. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Borba, Rodrigo 2019a. Gendered Politics of Enmity: Language Ideologies and Social Polarisation in Brazil. Gender and Language 13 (4): 423–448. Borba, Rodrigo 2019b. Injurious Signs: The Geopolitics of Hate and Hope in the Linguistic Landscape of a Political Crisis. In Peck, Amiena / Stroud, Christopher / Williams, Quentin (eds), Making Sense of People and Place in Linguistic Landscapes, pp. 161–181. London/New York: Bloomsbury. Butler, Judith 2019. What Threat? The Campaign against “Gender Ideology”. Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation 3: 1–12. DOI: 10.12893/gjcpi.2019.3.1. Černohorská, Vanda Maufras 2020. Who’s Afraid of the Istanbul Convention? Resisting “Gender Ideology” Narratives in the Age of Digital Feminism. In Bühler-Dietrich, Annette (ed.), Feminist Circulations between East and West / Feministische Zirkulationen zwischen Ost und West, pp. 91–108. Berlin: Frank & Timme. Forgas, Joseph P. / Baumeister, Roy (eds) 2019. The Social Psychology of Gullibility: Conspiracy Theories, Fake News and Irrational Beliefs. London/New York: Routledge. Justice, Lenora J. / Hooker, Steven D. 2017. Creating Digital Safe Spaces for Gender Expression and Sexual Diversity. In Information Resources Management Association, Discrimination and Diversity: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, pp. 845-873. Pennsylvania: IGI Global. Pascale, Celine-Marie 2019. The Weaponization of Language: Discourses of Rising Right-Wing Authoritarianism. Current Sociology 67 (6): 898–917. Stabile, Bonnie / Grant, Aubrey / Purohit, Hemant / Harris, Kelsey 2019. Sex, Lies, and Stereotypes: Gendered Implications of Fake News for Women in Politics. Public Integrity 21 (5): 491–502. DOI: 10.1080/10999922.2019.1626695. Wasser, Nicolas / França, Isadora Lins 2020. In the Line of Fire: Sex(uality) and Gender Ideology in Brazil. Femina Politica – Zeitschrift für tische Politikwissenschaft 29 (1): 138–141. DOI: 10.3224/feminapolitica.v29i1.13.

The Rainbow Conspiracy: a corpus-based social media analysis of anti-LGBTIQ+ rhetoric in digital landscapes.

B. Hughes
2024-01-01

Abstract

In recent years, fake news and other online strategies designed to generate misinformation across Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have become rife, and when it comes to targeting sexual diversity and gender equality, they are progressively garnering global social reverberation (Justice/Hooker 2017; Forgas/Baumeister 2019; Stabile et al. 2019; Bernecker et al. 2021). Regardless of the obvious, patently inflated, conspiracist rhetoric underlying such hateful discourses (see Balirano/Borba 2021), these anti-gender and anti-equality speculations tend to converge upon the slippery trope of gender ideology (Andrews et al. 2015; Beltrán/Creely 2018; Pascale 2019; Černohorská 2020; Wasser/França 2020). Indeed, it is by wielding the discursive tools pertaining to this ideology that a global movement currently opposes gender equality, abortion, sexual education, and LGBTIQ+ rights in areas such as marriage, adoption, surrogacy, and reproductive technologies (Butler 2019), thus contributing to the stigmatization of LGBTIQ+ activism (Borba 2019a, 2019b). The findings of this study reveal that one of the most damaging implications of this phenomenon is that anti-gender mobilizations are increasingly taking root and thriving within the collective memory by means of semiotic processes of loose affiliation. Against this backdrop, the present chapter explores the current discourses of anti-gay activism and their claim that sexual diversity runs counter to most mainstream, traditional or religious values. Such allegations, in turn, feed into the theory underlying the misinformation crusade enacted across most SNSs (see Balirano/Hughes 2020), whereby a secret, large-scale gay lobby, akin to the proverbial Trojan Horse, is progressively penetrating traditional family values in order to defile the entire human race through ad hoc gender recruitment. By analyzing a collection of anti-gender online texts collected from Twitter – by using seed words and phrases such as ‘LGBTIQ+ conspiracy’, ‘Homintern’, ‘Gaystapo’ and ‘Lavender mafia’ – this study offers a corpus-based sociolinguistic CDA analysis of the current state of the art of fake news addressing LGBTIQ+ online communities. References Andrews, Molly / Kinnvall, Catarina / Monroe, Kristen 2015. Narratives of (In)Security: Nationhood, Culture, Religion, and Gender: Introduction to the Special Issue. Political Psychology 36 (2): 141–149. Balirano, Giuseppe / Hughes, Bronwen (eds) 2020. Homing in on Hate: Critical Discourse Studies of Hate Speech, Discrimination and Inequality in the Digital Age. Naples: Paolo Loffredo Editore. Balirano, Giuseppe / Borba, Rodrigo (eds) 2021. Re-Defining Gender, Sexuality, and Discourse in the Global Rise of Right-Wing Extremism. Special issue of Anglistica AION: An Interdisciplinary Journal 24 (1). Beltrán, William Mauricio / Creely, Sian 2018. Pentecostals, Gender Ideology and the Peace Plebiscite: Colombia 2016. Religions 9 (12): 1–19. Bernecker, Sven / Flowerree, Amy K. / Grundmann, Thomas (eds) 2021. The Epistemology of Fake News. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Borba, Rodrigo 2019a. Gendered Politics of Enmity: Language Ideologies and Social Polarisation in Brazil. Gender and Language 13 (4): 423–448. Borba, Rodrigo 2019b. Injurious Signs: The Geopolitics of Hate and Hope in the Linguistic Landscape of a Political Crisis. In Peck, Amiena / Stroud, Christopher / Williams, Quentin (eds), Making Sense of People and Place in Linguistic Landscapes, pp. 161–181. London/New York: Bloomsbury. Butler, Judith 2019. What Threat? The Campaign against “Gender Ideology”. Glocalism: Journal of Culture, Politics and Innovation 3: 1–12. DOI: 10.12893/gjcpi.2019.3.1. Černohorská, Vanda Maufras 2020. Who’s Afraid of the Istanbul Convention? Resisting “Gender Ideology” Narratives in the Age of Digital Feminism. In Bühler-Dietrich, Annette (ed.), Feminist Circulations between East and West / Feministische Zirkulationen zwischen Ost und West, pp. 91–108. Berlin: Frank & Timme. Forgas, Joseph P. / Baumeister, Roy (eds) 2019. The Social Psychology of Gullibility: Conspiracy Theories, Fake News and Irrational Beliefs. London/New York: Routledge. Justice, Lenora J. / Hooker, Steven D. 2017. Creating Digital Safe Spaces for Gender Expression and Sexual Diversity. In Information Resources Management Association, Discrimination and Diversity: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, pp. 845-873. Pennsylvania: IGI Global. Pascale, Celine-Marie 2019. The Weaponization of Language: Discourses of Rising Right-Wing Authoritarianism. Current Sociology 67 (6): 898–917. Stabile, Bonnie / Grant, Aubrey / Purohit, Hemant / Harris, Kelsey 2019. Sex, Lies, and Stereotypes: Gendered Implications of Fake News for Women in Politics. Public Integrity 21 (5): 491–502. DOI: 10.1080/10999922.2019.1626695. Wasser, Nicolas / França, Isadora Lins 2020. In the Line of Fire: Sex(uality) and Gender Ideology in Brazil. Femina Politica – Zeitschrift für tische Politikwissenschaft 29 (1): 138–141. DOI: 10.3224/feminapolitica.v29i1.13.
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11367/124617
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