Endovascular Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Blowout Syndrome in End-Stage Malignancies

Background: Vascular blowout syndrome (VBOS) is a life-threatening condition secondary to direct tumor encasement or invasion in advanced stage malignancies. Endovascular management can be used as an alternative to surgical treatment in this fragile patient population, providing a minimally invasive measure both acutely and prophylactically. Methods: Three patients with peripheral VBOS secondary to advanced stage malignancies underwent successful endovascular treatment. Technical success was obtained in all patients with nonsignificant perioperative complications. Results: Endovascular management controlled immediate life-threatening hemorrhage and enabled these high-risk patients to undergo other adjunctive therapeutic modalities. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment can offer a safe and effective palliative measure of peripheral VBOS secondary to neoplastic erosion in patients with advanced stage malignancies.